Free Hamlet Essays: Imagery in Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Imagery in Hamlet The resourcefulness in the play of Hamlet is composed of disease, poison, and decay this adds to the overall atmosphere of crime and tragedy. First, hamlet uses images of disease to show the state of the country of Denmark and his mother. Second, the imagery of poison is apply to describe his fathers death. Lastly, Hamlet describes his feelings toward himself and Claudius and his feelings toward his mother by utilise images of decay. In Hamlet, as in all literature, imagery adds to readers ability to imagine the feeling of the story. In the first act of Hamlet, Hamlet uses imagery of disease to describe the state of Denmark. He is unhappy with what has happened with the country. There is something rotten in the state of Denmark. He is describing how disgusted he is with his mother and how she is sleeping with his uncle utilize images of disease. It will but skin and film the ulcerous place / Whiles rank corruption, mining all within, infects unseen. The imager y of disease is a main factor in this story and is used in large amounts. It shows a feeling of disgust that Hamlet has with the surrounding situation in the play and his life. Imagery of poison is used when the ghost describes the death of Hamlets father in a way to disgust Hamlet and goad hi into revenge. / thy uncle stole / with juice of cursed hebona in a vile, / And in the porches of my ears did pour / The leperous distilment, whose effect / Holds such an enmity with blood of man / / And curd, like eager droppings into milk, / / with vile and loathsome crust / All my debonnaire body. The imagery of poison is used to express and induce a feeling of horror into the reader. Hamlet is obsessed with suicide and wants his skin to melt off because he is disgusted with himself. O that this too too sullied flesh would melt, / Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew This adds a felling that hamlet is disturbed and growing worse. He then wants the king to get going like a beggar and rip o ut his guts. Nothing but to show you how a king may go a progress / done the guts of a beggar. This shows an effect that hamlet is angry and disturbed by adding a felling of horror.

Ibsens Ghosts Vs. Aristotles Poetics Essay -- essays research papers

Ibsens Ghosts, although a relatively modern drama, maintains many classicalelements of tragedy as defined by Aristotle and champi matchlessd by the ancient Greekplaywrights and poets. One element of displayed prominently in this case is graphic symbol. Aristotle believed that there were four main elements to a good tragic hero1) the character must be good, 2) decorum, 3) the character must be true to life, and4) constancy within the characters demeanor and actions. The tragic hero in IbsensGhosts, Mrs. Alving, fits into these criterion, yet Ibsen overly strays from Aristotlesconventions. The character will be good if the purpose is good. (pg. 27), according toPoetics. Ibsen attempts to create a good character in Mrs. Alving. Although shemakes many mistakes and her judgments lead to the final tragedy her intentionsare good. Yes, I was swayed by duty and consideration for others that was why Ilied to my watchword day in and day out. (Ghosts pg. 29) She loves and wants to protecther son and to do so she feels she must shelter him from the truths of his father. Iwant my boy to be happy, that is all I want. Mrs. Alvings goal is to purge herself andher loved ones from the past and the guilt which she feels for hiding the sins of herhusband and therefore her family name. I had been taught about duty, and the sort ofthing that I believed in so long here. Everything seemed to deliberate upon duty-- my duty,or his duty-- and I am afraid I made your poor fathers home unbearabl...

Mark Twain and Huckleberry Finn :: essays papers

Mark Twain and Huckleberry FinnIn 1884, Mark Twain wrote unrivalled of the well-nigh controversial andremembered novels in the world of literature, The Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn. Mark Twain was the pseudonym of SamuelLanghorne Clemens. He was born in Florida, Missouri, Nov. 30,1835. Twain was one of six children. This contributed to hisfamily being poor. Twain often had to find inexpensive forms ofentertainment. Twain made Huckleberry Finn represent himfictionally in this book. Huck did the same typical boy things asTwain. Now, well start this band of robbers and call it... wasone of the things Huck said (Twain 9). When Twain was four yearsold, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a small town on thewest bank of the Mississippi River. The Mississippi River and thetowns on it were used as the setting in The Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn. We judged that three nights more would fetchus to Cairo, at the bottom of Illinois, where the Ohio River comesin (Twain 106). H uck and Jim were trying to reach a town namedCairo. It was located in a free state, Ohio. Cairo was just oneof the many towns Twain referred to in this novel. Twain evenused known dialects in his novel. He stated at the beginningof the novel, the Missouri negro dialect the extremest form ofthe backwoods Southwestern dialect the ordinary Pike Countydialect... be used to wit... (Twain 1). In this book, as theytraveled down the Mississippi River, the values of Huck and Jimwere contrasted against those of the people living in the southernUnited States. Huck (the fabricator and one of the main characters)and Jim(another main character) were both trying to reach freedom.Twain based this book on things that were happening during this time inhis life. Huck was introduced without a father in his life. Twainsfather had died when he was about Hucks age in the book. Twainportrayed religion and the morals of the southern society with satire.The men took their guns to church ... and unploughed them between theirknees... (Twain 142) was just one example. In the time of Twainslife that he wrote this novel, the Civil War had just ended. The warhad tested societys morals. The issue of slavery was main(prenominal) toTwain which was the reason morals were portrayed in this way.The freedom and peacefulness of the river soon gave way to the

Comparing Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea Essay -- comparison compare

Comparing Jane Eyre and grand Sargasso Sea jean Rhys obviously had Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre in mind while writing Wide Sargasso Sea. Each novel contains events that echo other events or themes in the other. The destruction of Coulibri at the beginning of Wide Sargasso Sea reminds the reader of the brush off at Thornfield towards the end of Jane Eyre. While each scene refers to events in its own book and clarifies events in its companion, one cannot conclude that Rhys simply reconstructed Thornfields fall in Coulibris. Though they exhibit some similarities, to directly compare these two scenes without considering their impact on the novels as whole works would be ridiculous. Each scenes main importance, and piece to the overall intertextual meaning, lies elsewhere in the two works, not simply within the confines of the scenes themselves. The similarities between the two fire scenes might lead one to shadowed that they are in some way parallel, yet their differences discount t his oversimplified view. Both fires are set by arsonists described as insane. Brontes Bertha is the mad lady, who was as dodge as a witch (Bronte 435). Rhyss Antoinette recalls a horrible noise sprang up from the attacking freedmen, like animals howling, but worse (Rhys 38). This madness, however, serves different purposes for each scene. Bronte uses madness to still degrade Bertha to the level of bestiality and insanity, a theme which she develops from the very moment the character is introduced until her fiery death in the destruction of Thornfield. By reducing Bertha to a single dimension, Bronte uses Bertha not as a character but as a tool with which to manipulate the flow of the plot. Rhys, however, uses madness toward a diffe... ...cott. Fire and Eyre Charlotte Brontes contend of Earthly Elements. The Brontes A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Ian Gregor. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall, 1970. 110-36. Macpherson, Pat. Reflecting on Jane Eyre. London Routledge, 1989. M cLaughlin, M.B. Past or Future Mindscapes Pictures in Jane Eyre. Victorian Newsletter 41 (1972) 22-24. Rhys, Jean. Wide Sargasso Sea. London Penguin, 1968. Sarvan, Charles. Flight, Entrapment, and Madness in Jean Rhys Wide Sargasso Sea. The International Fiction Review. Vol 26.1&2199982-96. Solomon, Eric. Jane Eyre Fire and Water. College English 25 (1964) 215-217. Staley, F. Thomas. Jean Rhys. Dictionary of Literary Biography, British Novelists, 1890 -1929 Modernists. Detroit Gale, 1985. Wyndham, F. Introduction. Wide Sargasso Sea. By Jean Rhys. London Penguin, 1996. 1-15.

A Path to Education Essay example -- Teaching School Philosophy Essays

A Path to Education Life is unpredictable and in that location are an infinite number of paths for one to choose from as they travel through life. One trail that seems to be a popular choice to travel is that of an educator. Why is this? What makes the sharing of acquaintance so special? Perhaps there is an unparalleled joy in enlightening someone else. Perhaps it is a combination of unlimited elements that drives unmarrieds to be educators. And perhaps there is no one for sure answer to these questions. One thing is for sure, our world has seen its share of tremendous and stimulate teachers come and go with the passing years and generations of people. Unfortunately, this world has also seen its share of educators who were not so noticeable and effective. Again, I ask why is this? What makes some teachers more effective and inspiring than others? Could the difference be discovered through viewing their individual philosophies on education? My personal conclusion to this question is a resounding YES. It is an educators philosophy on teaching that makes the difference. Up to this point in life, Ive simply been a student of this world, but as I move forward in life I aspire to cross the hound that all before me have crossed to become educators. How will I achieve this? More importantly, will my personal philosophy elevate me to become an inspiring and encouraging teacher? And most importantly, what exactly is my philosophy on education? In a general sense, I simply hope to look at each child I teach as an individual and to make the best situation for each child. I will achieve this goal by developing my own views on the nature of students, the nature of knowledge, the purpose of public education, teaching met... ... relative to that time period. No deuce educators are the same, and no two students are the same. Somewhere in the balance of teaching and learning there is a place where educators and students can come together and pass and receive knowledge in a creative and fun way. I musical note that my personal philosophy can take my students and I to that place. Being an educator is the road I have chosen, and while the path I will walk will be unique it draws from the successful paths of educators that have come before me. I visualize my philosophy is not set in stone and will change as I am exposed to yet more teachers. More importantly, it whitethorn change as I, myself, begin to teach. There is no hard and fast evidence claiming that my philosophy is better than any others, but I truly feel it provides a model that will enable me to be the best teacher I can be.

A Path to Education Essay example -- Teaching School Philosophy Essays

A Path to Education Life is unpredictable and there atomic number 18 an infinite number of paths for one to choose from as they journey through life. One trail that seems to be a popular choice to travel is that of an educator. why is this? What makes the sharing of knowledge so special? Perhaps there is an unparalleled joy in enlightening someone else. Perhaps it is a combination of untrammelled elements that drives individuals to be educators. And perhaps there is no one sure answer to these questions. One thing is for sure, our world has seen its share of tremendous and excite teachers come and go with the passing years and generations of people. Unfortunately, this world has also seen its share of educators who were not so noticeable and effective. Again, I ask why is this? What makes some teachers more effective and inspiring than others? Could the difference be discovered through viewing their individual philosophies on education? My personal conclu sion to this question is a resounding YES. It is an educators doctrine on teaching that makes the difference. Up to this point in life, Ive simply been a student of this world, but as I move anterior in life I aspire to cross the line that all before me have crossed to become educators. How will I achieve this? to a greater extent importantly, will my personal philosophy elevate me to become an inspiring and encouraging teacher? And most importantly, what exactly is my philosophy on education? In a general sense, I simply hope to look at each child I teach as an individual and to make the best fleck for each child. I will achieve this goal by developing my own views on the nature of students, the nature of knowledge, the purpose of public education, teaching met... ... relation to that time period. No two educators are the same, and no two students are the same. Somewhere in the balance of teaching and learning there is a home where educators and studen ts understructure come together and pass and receive knowledge in a creative and fun way. I feel that my personal philosophy provide take my students and I to that place. Being an educator is the road I have chosen, and while the path I will walk will be ridiculous it draws from the successful paths of educators that have come before me. I realize my philosophy is not set in stone and will change as I am exposed to yet more teachers. More importantly, it may change as I, myself, begin to teach. There is no hard and fast evidence claiming that my philosophy is better than any others, but I truly feel it provides a model that will enable me to be the best teacher I can be.

Research In Motion Essay

Research In Motion (RIM) is most famously knows for its smart ph superstar device Blackberry. Blackberry, when first introduced in 1999, took the corporate market by charge because of its capability of storing and managing e-mails along with other professional tools. Later the ingress of Black Berry Messenger (BBM) was another successful addition and made it famous among the non-corporate drug user class all around the globe. From its inception to the introduction of Blackberry and until today, RIM has had various challenges in terms of safeguarding its intellectual property and took some steps to clog those problems which I will be discussing in this paper.1.What were some of the challenges that RIM faced to protect its intellectual property, and how did RIM handle those challenges?The first challenge for RIM was in 2001 when it claimed that its competitor Glenayre Electronics infringed on its patent and charged dilution, unfair competition, and false advertising (1). As a resul t RIM sued them over using its patented letter box integration technique that was exclusive to its Blackberry smartphone device which was later settled in their favor (2). Another lawsuit filed by RIM was against Good technology in 2002. RIM alleged that Good was infringing on four of its patents.The first is for a method acting and apparatus to remotely control gateway functions in a wireless data communications network. The second relates to a method and system for loading an application program on a device. The third relates to a method and system for transmitting data files between computers in a wireless data communications environment. And the fourth relates to a mobile device that is optimized for use with thumbs (3). eventually in 2004 Good Technology signed a settlement with RIM under which it will give RIM a lump-sum payment during its current pull and ongoing quarterly royalties. Further financial details of the assurement were not disclosed (4).Later in 2006, RIM w as sued by mobile e-mail provider Visto Corporation that RIM violated four of its patents. The patents in question relate to the accessing and synchronizing of information over a network and atomic number 18 fundamental to the blackberry bush bush assistant (5). After a long battle of three years, in 2009 RIM agreed to pay $267.5 million to settle this dispute adding to a dear(p) series of intellectual-property purchases (6). The company spent more than $1 billion in the past two years on intangible assets, such as patents. It schedule part of the cost of the Visto settlement, which gave them a lifetime license to some Visto patents and legal possession of others, as an acquisition of intangible assets (6).Another big event was the RIM-Motorolla lawsuits in 2008 when Motorolla filed a lawsuit against RIM for using its patented technology but in reply RIM sued back Motorolla. RIM filed the lawsuit for demanding exorbitant royalties on patents that were essential to RIMs business. Besides being accused of anti-competitive conduct, Motorola was also accused of violating nine different patents and for breaking a 2003 agreement by refusing to agree to new terms beyond January 2008. Adding injury to lawsuit, RIM also claimed that Motorolas licensing fees were due to declining fortunes of its handset business (7).This long battle came to an end when both companies settled out of court. Under the Agreement, Motorola and RIM will benefit from a long-term, intellectual property cross-licensing arrangement involving the parties receiving cross-licenses of various patent rights, including patent rights relating to accredited industry standards and certain technologies, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, 802.11 and wireless email. In addition, the parties will transfer certain patents to each other (8).2.What were some of the industry factors that influenced RIM?Industry factors that influenced RIM are Competition, Scale and Future (9). Patents, copyrights and trademarks help a firm safeguard its intellectual assets giving it an edge in the market and enabling to stay competitive in the market. From the lawsuits discussed above, we can see that just in 10 years on inception, RIM had over seven patent related issues for its technology. In technological field, a patent enables a firm to bank on its technology by not allowing other firms to use and produce it. So it enables the firm with the patent to withstand exclusive right to that technology and have a competitive advantage. When a firms technology is successful, patent enables that firm to exploit from it and hence cover their firms scale by securing a larger consumer base leading to a better bright future for the firm.3.Apply as many TCOs as you can to the RIM.thither are quite a few TCOs that can be applied to RIM. Competence Enhancing and Component Innovation applies very well to RIM. Looking at the introduction of Blackberry in 1999, after 14 years we still find them have a strong demand among the smar tphone consumer base. So RIM has constantly been better its blackberry phones keeping them up to date by providing new features that keep the consumer base attracted. Similarly if we look at introduction of features like e-mail service and BBM for blackberry, they are following the component innovation ideology discussed in the course.On the other hand, RIM also follows the concept Network Externalities. BBM can be a good example to support this. Anyone with a blackberry anywhere in the world can send a free message to the other blackberry user using the blackberry network. BBM is actually one of the features that has protected Blackberry against I-phone. Tying to BBM, RIM also follows the policy of Trade Secret because no one other than the corporation itself has access to the BBM data. RIM has gone to an extent that recently in India, even the government was not allowed to access the BBM data and after a 19 month service ban the government, RIM finally allowed them to have access but through a different server (10).

Essay Paper

Canadian Identity A Rhetorical Analysis strain In this essay, the articles hear to the newton by John Ralston Saul and Which Native history? By Whom? For Whom? by J. R. Miller will be analyzed, specifically looking at each creators rivalry and his put forward to ethos, logos and pathos. In the first article, Listen to the North, author John Ralston Saul argues that up-to-date Canadian policy when it comes to our magnetic north, and the state that reside there, is out of escort and base on southern ideals that observe little bearing on the realities that face Yankee populations.He suggests instead that the policies and regulations should be shaped by people who turn in the territory and its needs, namely people who live there. In the second article, Which Native invoice? By Whom? For Whom? , Author Jim Miller disc engages conventions in put down primeval history, focvictimization on an area he refers to as native-newcomer history. He discusses topics such as who sh ould be enter said history, and for whom it should be intended, as evidence in the title.Both of these articles provide arguments that assembling to ethos, logos and pathos, still it is my conviction that John Ralston Saul makes a more(prenominal) convincing argument to his audience in Listen to the north than Jim Miller makes in Which Native storey? By Whom? For Whom? . The First appeal that John Ralston Saul makes is to ethos, and while credentials such as macrocosm the hot seat of PEN International, various awards and being a fountainhead respected professional in his field all give credit to his name, he also shows that he has first hand get it onledge in the specific topic he is covering.He does this through the use of a soulfulnessal anecdote about his experience in the north, as well as mentioning the several(prenominal) times he has travelled to the north in his later career. Considering Sauls audience, namely readers evoke in reform of policies and practices in the north, I mean that this makes a stronger argument than Jim Miller does in his article.This would be due to the fact that Miller does not provide whatever indication as to his experience in the field on which he is writing, and though he dose have impressive credentials himself, including a doctorate, being a professor at the University of Saskatchewan, and having a Canadian research chair position, the lack of said mention would provide a weaker argument to his audience, consisting of people interested in or researching about methods of recording native history.The next convincing argument that John Ralston Saul makes is his appeal to logos, it makes crystal clear sense that a person who lives and works in the north would know best what is needed for northern people. This means his argument that northern people should be instrumental in creating northern policy makes a strong logical point, and a strong argument to his audience, who will most likely be able to see the logic in this. One exemplification he uses is the current state of military presence in the north, the rangers.He talks about the uniform given to these men and women, which consists of a hooded sweatshirt and a baseball cap. John Ralston Saul states that You cant break external this outfit outside ten months of the year (4), and it would make logical sense that a person who lives in the north would not choose such an outfit, as it would be too ineffective in day to day use. Miller also uses logos in his argument when he discuses the fact that native-newcomer history should be reported by both native and non-native historians.Again, this appeals to the logical side of his readers, who would be able to follow the train of musical theme stating that if a history involves two break up groups of people, then both sides of said history should be examined, and doing such will give you a much more complete picture of events. Where is argument fall short in contrast to Listen to the North is the fact that though Miller makes the logical point of the recording of said history should be shared, he does not go on to provide as strong examples to his point, where Saul does.The last appeal that was made in Listen to the north was the appeal to pathos. The author shares a sense of how ridiculous it is that northern peoples have less of an influential role in planning policy and regulation in the north. Using the example of the snowmobiles that rangers have to urinate on to get started in the cold north, Saul portrays a sense of the almost quaint nature of having persons who live far away from the real life issues and hardships form policies. The reader then feels the same way the author does, which defiantly advances his argument.Miller also makes his appeal to pathos in Which Native fib? By Whom? For Whom? , but again, I believe that it is a less effective argument, and appeals less to the emotions of his audience. Millers argument is more based off a feeling of monoma nia he tries to create in his audience, the native-newcomer history belongs to both parties, not one exclusively, this creates a feeling of entitlement, as well as a feeling of being included. At the end of the article, Miller states Which Native history? Native-newcomer history. By whom?Any and all students who are qualified and willing to conduct out its methods. For whom? All Canadians (35). I moot that this is less effective then the feeling portrayed by Saul, one of ridiculousness of the current state of affairs, since persons would more likely agree with him if they also believe the current policy is foolish, as to not look foolish themselves. While both articles make strong points using the argumentative techniques of ethos, logos and pathos, it is still my opinion that John Ralston Saul makes a stronger argument in listen to the north than Jim Miller does in Which Native History?By Whom? For Whom? . Sauls use of personal connection to the topic, a stronger logical standpoi nt, and a more effective use of his readers emotions means that he by far has a stronger argument than his love seat J. R. Miller. Works Cited Miller, Jim. Which Native History? By Whom? For Whom. Canadian Issues. Fall 2008 33-35. Saul, John Ralston. Listen to the North. Literary Review of Canada. 17. 8 (2009) 3-5.Essay PaperCanadian Identity A Rhetorical Analysis Essay In this essay, the articles Listen to the north by John Ralston Saul and Which Native History? By Whom? For Whom? by J. R. Miller will be analyzed, specifically looking at each authors argument and his appeal to ethos, logos and pathos. In the first article, Listen to the North, author John Ralston Saul argues that current Canadian policy when it comes to our north, and the people that reside there, is out of date and based on southern ideals that hold little bearing on the realities that face northern populations.He suggests instead that the policies and regulations should be shaped by people who know the territor y and its needs, namely people who live there. In the second article, Which Native History? By Whom? For Whom? , Author Jim Miller discuses conventions in recording native history, focusing on an area he refers to as native-newcomer history. He discusses topics such as who should be recording said history, and for whom it should be intended, as evidence in the title.Both of these articles provide arguments that appeal to ethos, logos and pathos, but it is my opinion that John Ralston Saul makes a more convincing argument to his audience in Listen to the north than Jim Miller makes in Which Native History? By Whom? For Whom? . The First appeal that John Ralston Saul makes is to ethos, and while credentials such as being the president of PEN International, various awards and being a well respected professional in his field all give credit to his name, he also shows that he has first hand knowledge in the specific topic he is covering.He does this through the use of a personal anecdote about his experience in the north, as well as mentioning the several times he has travelled to the north in his later career. Considering Sauls audience, namely readers interested in reform of policies and practices in the north, I believe that this makes a stronger argument than Jim Miller does in his article.This would be due to the fact that Miller does not provide any indication as to his experience in the field on which he is writing, and though he dose have impressive credentials himself, including a doctorate, being a professor at the University of Saskatchewan, and having a Canadian research chair position, the lack of said mention would provide a weaker argument to his audience, consisting of people interested in or researching about methods of recording native history.The next convincing argument that John Ralston Saul makes is his appeal to logos, it makes logical sense that a person who lives and works in the north would know best what is needed for northern people. Thi s means his argument that northern people should be instrumental in creating northern policy makes a strong logical point, and a strong argument to his audience, who will most likely be able to see the logic in this. One example he uses is the current state of military presence in the north, the rangers.He talks about the uniform given to these men and women, which consists of a hooded sweatshirt and a baseball cap. John Ralston Saul states that You cant wear this outfit outside ten months of the year (4), and it would make logical sense that a person who lives in the north would not choose such an outfit, as it would be too ineffective in day to day use. Miller also uses logos in his argument when he discuses the fact that native-newcomer history should be reported by both native and non-native historians.Again, this appeals to the logical side of his readers, who would be able to follow the train of thought stating that if a history involves two separate groups of people, then bot h sides of said history should be examined, and doing such will give you a much more complete picture of events. Where is argument falls short in contrast to Listen to the North is the fact that though Miller makes the logical point of the recording of said history should be shared, he does not go on to provide as strong examples to his point, where Saul does.The last appeal that was made in Listen to the north was the appeal to pathos. The author shares a sense of how ridiculous it is that northern peoples have less of an influential role in planning policy and regulation in the north. Using the example of the snowmobiles that rangers have to urinate on to get started in the cold north, Saul portrays a sense of the almost comical nature of having persons who live far away from the real life issues and hardships form policies. The reader then feels the same way the author does, which defiantly advances his argument.Miller also makes his appeal to pathos in Which Native History? By W hom? For Whom? , but again, I believe that it is a less effective argument, and appeals less to the emotions of his audience. Millers argument is more based off a feeling of ownership he tries to create in his audience, the native-newcomer history belongs to both parties, not one exclusively, this creates a feeling of entitlement, as well as a feeling of being included. At the end of the article, Miller states Which Native history? Native-newcomer history. By whom?Any and all students who are qualified and willing to carry out its methods. For whom? All Canadians (35). I think that this is less effective then the feeling portrayed by Saul, one of ridiculousness of the current state of affairs, since persons would more likely agree with him if they also believe the current policy is foolish, as to not look foolish themselves. While both articles make strong points using the argumentative techniques of ethos, logos and pathos, it is still my opinion that John Ralston Saul makes a stro nger argument in listen to the north than Jim Miller does in Which Native History?By Whom? For Whom? . Sauls use of personal connection to the topic, a stronger logical standpoint, and a more effective use of his readers emotions means that he by far has a stronger argument than his counterpart J. R. Miller. Works Cited Miller, Jim. Which Native History? By Whom? For Whom. Canadian Issues. Fall 2008 33-35. Saul, John Ralston. Listen to the North. Literary Review of Canada. 17. 8 (2009) 3-5.

The Characteristics of Voluntary Schools in Relation

The Characteristics of Voluntary Schools in Relation to Education Stages and Governance When choosing a voluntary school day there are several things that you should consider. Firstly, there are twain kinds of voluntary school voluntary-aided and voluntary-controlled. Both have strong connections to some description of religious organisations and/or charities. A voluntary-aided school is managed by its own governing body.It is the brass section of the school who decides upon the criteria set for admissions. They also have complete control over the employment of both internal and external cater. However, the schools buildings and the subvert on which they sit are owned by religious organisations and/or charities. These organisations or charities help to fund the school alongside the Local Education Authority (LEA).The schools governance contributes to any building work and the maintenance of the present building structures and outdoor areas. A voluntary-controlled school is both f unded and managed by the LEA, but the land and buildings are owned by a charity or religious organisation. The LEA and governance of the school are responsible for the provision of any go the school requires, such as general maintenance and hiring staff.It is the job of the governors to choose those they wish to hire, however there are usually a few members of staff employed from the charities or organisations who are involved. Both voluntary-aided and voluntary-controlled schools teach children in primary as well as secondary schools, although there are a higher(prenominal) percentage of primary schools in the voluntary school category*. *(http//en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/voluntary_aided_schoolsection_2) * (http//en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/voluntary_controlled_schoolsection_2)

A Man Named Dave Essay

A Man Named Dave, by Dave Pelzer is the story of hope and eventual love and how a child called It finally found himself as a man free at last, after early childhood experiences as the son of a brutal, alcoholic mother. When his father is dying of cancer, Dave attempts to reestablish contact with him, he spends innumer fitted hours with his father, trying to disentangle in his mind the broken family relationships. Much later, after his mothers death, Dave realizes that his mothers maniac actions were picked up from her avouch childhood experiences.Having rushed into marriage Dave enjoys the son that was born, and is determined that his child will never know the disapproval he felt as the child called It. I find Dave Pel . . . zer admir adequate because he demonstrates remarkable qualities, such as independence, determination, and courage- qualitys I would like to strengthen in myself. After a horrible childhood, he strives for the best he can do all by himself, not depending on othe rs to help him. One day youll see, Im going to defy something of myself. He becomes an in-flight fueling technician for the Air Force, a highly regarded job.Dave has displayed a lot of courage, being fearless and brave, in his trilogy courage to survive, courage to make it on his own and various others. With his determination to succeed from his setbacks, and gain power from his calamitys Dave is the man he is today. Independence means to me being able to make it on your own, and not having to depend on others. Another display of his independence (is his desire to be standing on his own two feet) when he gave to his mother his statement to be independent All those years you tried your best to break me, and Im still here.Another is being able to go back to his father who deserted him when Dave needed his father most. His courage to be able to deal with his preceding(a), and start a recent life is single good example of his courage. Daves father didnt protect Dave from his mother. But his wonderful trait of determination, which is never giving up and going for your goals and not quitting until youve achieved it, pulls him past these obstacles in his journey for recognition. Dave Pelzer strongly demonstrates independence in A Man Named Dave, and his life. Dave demonstrates independence by being capable of starting over a new life on his own.

Reflection Report of Dissertation on mpact of information system on student learning experience

AbstractThis essay reflects the lessons and obstacles that I faced during the course of committal to writing my dissertation. Utilizing the Gibbs Reflective Cycle in order to illustrate the process, this essay reflects upon different stages of the dissertation process and thus serves to assist me in developing a merely infrastanding of the opportunities for carrying out better research in the future.1 IntroductionThe process of writing my dissertation began with the drive to expand my current capabilities and broaden my educational experience. Throughout this reflective essay I have use the Gibbs Reflective Cycle, which includes elements such as a basic description, my reactions, an evaluation of the experience, analysis, specific and general conclusions and my ain plan for action (Timmons et al, 2013).2 Gibbs Reflective Cycle2.1 DescriptionIn order to accurately illustrate the scenario, a basic description enables me to envision the entire process dispassionately (Hegarty, 2011 ). My scratch line point for the research was the idea that increased engineering has an impact on the learning process. This area presented a well-researched topic in the private sector, yet, I felt up there was little material available on this subject, upon which to base quality evaluation for public facilities such as schools. In the beginning there was considerable stress before there was a single word written. As the study began to form, I began to feel to a greater extent at ease with the needs of the project. Yet, numerous times there was the perception of truly hard to find literature and material for me that made this research difficult from the outset. Taken together with my fathers ill health, I had considerably mixed feelings as to my ability to take this on.2.2 FeelingsMy emotional climax to this project was very striking and seemed to influence the results I obtained (Jasper, 2006). The very beginning of this project found me apprehensive and concerned that my s kills were not sufficient for the task. Further, my father was sick during this period adding to my perception of the need to do function under pressure. There was significant stress at the outset that I felt diminished as I grew more familiar with the project. . I found the r individually of this entire process was a little daunting. Perhaps my most unique feelings during this study came as I evaluated the students I found a need to impute with the interviewees causing me considerable worry and the question of if I was approaching them in the best manner possible. Sometimes I had to set aside personal persuade in order to accurately reflect the results (Pearson, 2013). As the project began to come to a close, I found considerable pride in the fact that I learn a great deal about process and method.2.3 EvaluationIt is important to assess the positive and negative aspects of the project (Oelofsen, 2012). Most positive was my expectation I could achieve the goals of this work. Lea ding the negative aspects was my lack of confidence in my skill. A negative that turned into a positive was the manner that I interacted with the students and lecturers, initially I felt I was weak at this, but as I learned I became better. Overall, this was a good experience that I definitely learned from.2.4 AnalysisThere is a need to take stock of the situation in order to evaluate the experience (Pearson, 2013). My overall goal was to make sense of the impact of technology on the students. Through the research process, I feel I have expanded my own research abilities through trial and error, and am now more equipped to carry out research in the future. I have found others have had similar research experiences which has made me feel that I am part of a community and can gain from others knowledge. This appreciation of experience is a key factor that will enhance each following research project.2.5 ConclusionThe conclusions from this reflection lend depth to my learning experience (Park et al, 2011). Overall I felt that I learned that the research problem much carries more than the one possible outcome, which in turn means that I must be willing to accommodate unexpected elements. Specifically, I learned that I should be more assertive during the interview process, yet open to each persons interpretations of the questions. I also gained the ability to research and write at a higher level, thereby aiding my future efforts. 2.6 Personal Action Plan Each of these considerations has provided me with lessons for future research (Forrest, 2008). Next project, I will not be hesitant to engage with the material. I will remain confident in my research strategy and take steps to not second guess my approach in order to strengthen my research and stay on track. Most importantly, I will have the experience to begin and accomplish any research project.3 ReferencesForrest, M. (2008). On becoming a critically reflective practitioner. Health Information & Libraries Journal , 25(3), pp.229232.Jasper, M. (2006). Professional development, reflection and decision-making. 1st ed. Oxford Blackwell.Hegarty, B. (2011). Is reflective writing an enigmaCan preparing evidence for an electronic portfolio develop skills for reflective practice?. 2011(1), pp.580593.Oelofsen, N. (2012). Developing reflective practice. 1st ed. Banbury Lantern.Park, J. and Son, J. (2011). Expression and connection the integration of the reflective learning process and the writing process into mixer network sites. Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 7(1), pp.170178.Pearson, J. (2012). HCAs developing skills in reflective writing. British Journal of Healthcare Assistants, 6(3), p.140.Timmins, F., Murphy, M., Howe, R. and Dennehy, C. (2013). I Hate Gibbs Reflective Cycle 1998(Facebookcopyright 2009) Registered Nurses Experiences of sustenance Nursing Students ReflectivePractice in the Context of Students Public Commentary. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 93, pp.13711375.

My Experience

society weeks Ive spent in this class, nurture new techniques on studying, and learning new critical count oning strategies. Nine weeks that Ive been in enlighten again thinking and challenging myself and learning well-nigh a variety of new things. These last nine weeks harbour re intellected me ab protrude the pine term effects that higher education volition have on my future employment and current course. This class has gave me so many tools that I piece of tail use in my everyday life. These last nine weeks have helped me get my mechanics back together academically I would say.I been out of school for somewhat six months and I havent been reading, good working since I came out of school. Recently in class I relearned how to back away Cornell bolt notes, its like a lost art nowadays this note taking. My experience in this class was great overall for being my premiere quantify taking an online class. I enjoyed my time because with my work schedule always varying, this class came in handy letting me log in at measure when another(prenominal) classes are long finished.This specific melt down was helpful in that it helped me see theres more than ways of doing things and not to worry about stressing yourself out. atomic number 53 of the most important things this class taught me was cooperative learning is an important aspect of life. I say that because every time we comment on things the airwave on the forum is good because it seems like we were constantly feeding off to each one others answers. The posts always seemed to drag on and for most of week, and I believe that collaborative learning works best in environments like this.The other most important thing I learned here was the value of context of use goals for yourself. Whether they be jumbo or small, important or non important roofyting goals is helpful in accomplishing certain tasks in a fast and secure manner. What also makes it worth composition is when you have a big goal and you have little goals in between set in front of you that you must overcome. To me goal setting has ordinarily made me strive to do things better and faster. I believe that the long term benefits of having a education will help you with employment opportunities.I think that having a degree from University of Phoenix will greatly increase my chances of getting promoted because the school has a name for itself at several different companies. At my bloodline alone we have 7 people that graduated from this school in the past year. I also think that with an education youre more apt(predicate) to have stability in the workplace, when there is a mass let go phrase, companies tend to keep their educated employees over noneduacated. The tools and assessments in from this course will help me in my future courses and jobs because one of the tools I learned was goal setting.Which will help me keep focus at the task at hand. I also Learned that its okay to learn different things, in an colla borative environment its okay to feed off each, but not buy each others ideas. Which in my current position at work ripping off peoples ideas is spreading like wildfire. Its like some people at my job have been biten by the copy bug. One of the most useful things I learned in this class was how to use the library. I think a curing us take it for granted because they dont know how to use it. The library allows me to search for articles pertaining to any subject.Also the library tools such as the plagiarization finder, it checks your melodic theme for any plagiarized material. Also the citiation tool is very helpful because it sites everything for you. So, in conclusion nine weeks have come and gone. Finishing this class is just a goal I set when I started this program. I think collaborative learning is something that can be useful whether it be in a classroom environment or business environment. This class has taught me if you apply yourself and use critical thinking when striving for a goal you can achieve what you set your mind to.My ExperienceNine weeks Ive spent in this class, learning new techniques on studying, and learning new critical thinking strategies. Nine weeks that Ive been in school again thinking and challenging myself and learning about a variety of new things. These last nine weeks have reminded me about the long term effects that higher education will have on my future employment and current job. This class has gave me so many tools that I can use in my everyday life. These last nine weeks have helped me get my mechanics back together academically I would say.I been out of school for about six months and I havent been reading, just working since I came out of school. Recently in class I relearned how to take Cornell Style notes, its like a lost art nowadays this note taking. My experience in this class was great overall for being my first time taking an online class. I enjoyed my time because with my work schedule always varying, this clas s came in handy letting me log in at times when other classes are long finished.This specific course was helpful in that it helped me see theres more ways of doing things and not to worry about stressing yourself out. One of the most important things this class taught me was collaborative learning is an important aspect of life. I say that because every time we comment on things the atmosphere on the forum is good because it seems like we were constantly feeding off each others answers. The posts always seemed to drag on and for most of week, and I believe that collaborative learning works best in environments like this.The other most important thing I learned here was the value of setting goals for yourself. Whether they be big or small, important or non important setting goals is helpful in accomplishing certain tasks in a fast and secure manner. What also makes it worth while is when you have a big goal and you have little goals in between set in front of you that you must overco me. To me goal setting has usually made me strive to do things better and faster. I believe that the long term benefits of having a education will help you with employment opportunities.I think that having a degree from University of Phoenix will greatly increase my chances of getting promoted because the school has a name for itself at several different companies. At my job alone we have 7 people that graduated from this school in the past year. I also think that with an education youre more likely to have stability in the workplace, when there is a mass let go phrase, companies tend to keep their educated employees over noneduacated. The tools and assessments in from this course will help me in my future courses and jobs because one of the tools I learned was goal setting.Which will help me keep focus at the task at hand. I also Learned that its okay to learn different things, in an collaborative environment its okay to feed off each, but not steal each others ideas. Which in my c urrent position at work ripping off peoples ideas is spreading like wildfire. Its like some people at my job have been biten by the copy bug. One of the most useful things I learned in this class was how to use the library. I think a lot us take it for granted because they dont know how to use it. The library allows me to search for articles pertaining to any subject.Also the library tools such as the plagiarism finder, it checks your paper for any plagiarized material. Also the citiation tool is very helpful because it sites everything for you. So, in conclusion nine weeks have come and gone. Finishing this class is just a goal I set when I started this program. I think collaborative learning is something that can be useful whether it be in a classroom environment or business environment. This class has taught me if you apply yourself and use critical thinking when striving for a goal you can achieve what you set your mind to.

Interpirtation of the short story “Lust” by Susan Minot Essay

In the short story, Lust by Susan Minot, the story begins with a young lady friend lecture about the first time she had sex with a boy, as the story goes on she talks more and more about boys she is with and the different situations she in with them. She doesnt talk about her interests very much outside of the boys she encounters. In the story I feel like the girl has low self confidence and low self esteem Some things I was obedient as , like math or painting or horizontal sports but the second a boy put his arm around me , I forgot about wanting to do anything else. In this advert I feel like its a foreshadowing of the person she would become later, so involved in boys that she didnt have a real meaning in life. She feels she isnt a good enough to not have sex with the boys and is just doing it, because she thinks its a way to get them to love her.I hate those girls who push away a boys face as if she were made out of Ivory soap, as if shes much greater than she is. I feel lik e this bring up is very symbolic in describing how the girl feels about her self as well as other girls. I feel that the Ivory soap symbolizes girl who havent had sex and who are clean and perfect. I feel that in this quote she says, she hates the girls who push away the boys faces because ironically she is upset and angry at herself, that she never pushed the boys away and has regrets about sleeping with so many boys. I feel like she actually hating her self. Also what is ironic about this quote that she actually thinks the boys are greater than she is. Her perception of the boys is off. This shows her low self confidence and low self esteem You begin to feel like a set of pounded veal.This quote goes with the argument of the story in the sense that she is having a constant battle within her self. Through out the progression of the boys she experiences I feel that she is everlastingly attempt to fill a hole that she has inside of her self, by sleeping with so many boys in hope s that they will start to care and love her. You even off out the dim shape of the window and feel yourself become a cave, filled absolutely with air, or with a sadness that wouldnt stop. This hole could be caused by the fact that her parents are never around that she has been shipped off to some boarding school she could feel rejected by her parents and therefor could be tryingto fill the hole by being with so many boys feeling there approval. My parents had no idea. Parents doing really know whats going on specially when youre away at school most of the time.In this story I feel the girl is struggling to find happiness not within herself, but in other people and in sex. In the beginning of the story she is just experimenting with sex and as the story goes on she progresses into not even remembering some of the boys names because she is getting more sad, more empty, because the boys are giving her what she really wants happiness in herself. I sat on the round the bend chest by t he open window and smoked and smoked till I felt even worse, waiting for something- I get for him to get back.

The Effects of Underage Drinking and Driving While

The Effects of Under hop on Drinking and Driving While Under the Influence Heather Herrick Dr. Hawkins ENC1101 November 27, 2012 repeal Underage boozing is ane of the biggest hassles in society today (Enforcing). Throughout pip-squeakhood, the brain is making changes that look in planning, decision making, controlling impulses, memory, speech and in any case how the body responds to drugs and alcoholic whoop it up (NIAAA).Not only does mi nary(prenominal) make happying ca engage problems with brain development and unprotected sex, provided it also causes various fatalities. The purpose for this look into is to religious service prevent chthonic(a)age boozing and driving magic spell under the influence of alcohol and to reduce the teleph ace count of fatalities non only in Volusia County still also throughout the United States. According to the double-u Volusia Beacon, bar and restaurants in down townsfolk Deland were caught selling to passel under the age of 2 1.Since then, the urban center Commission has passed an ordinance to penalize every bar or restaurant that is caught with cinque or to a greater extent people under the age of 21 inside their facility later nine oclock within a 3 month period, or if in that respect argon five or more people who argon sm solely caught with a suck in their hand. Bar and restaurant owners agree that modest drunkenness has a ostracise effect on their business. Older folk fathert want to be surrounded by a college frat-boy atmosphere and that is why they stay away from the downtown area.Officials believe that if penalties are executed and implement the right way that is the only way this ordinance will work (Horton). Nationally, making new laws and divulge enforcing sometime(a) laws by using the EUDL (Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws) work alleviateed prevent minor(ip) drinking. According to the plaza for Science in the Public Interest, Congress created this program in 1998 on with the MLDA-21 and Zero Tolerance Laws, which subvert the sale and possession of alcohol to any genius under the age of 21.These laws also help prevent the sum total of grindrs on the road with a Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) level of . 08 and above which has significantly decreased the number of fatal car accidents by a combined 58 percent (Enforcing). Other laws prohibit any single under the age of 21 from altering or borrowing from a drivers license from psyche to make it appear as if they are 21, carry alcohol in their car or on their body on any street, highway or public place or be in a bar while under the influence of alcohol.A program called the Midwestern Prevention Program combines strategies to help educate children of how harmful drugs and alcohol can be, how to identify br early(a)ly encounters where drugs and alcohol may be convolute and how to avoid such situations through extracurricular activities, the amount of alcohol advertising children are exposed to, cake prog rams where both families and the community are involved and changing and creating new policies such as the minimum drinking age and other laws (Other Laws).The look conducted with the learners at Deland laid-back School gives a general come close of how often teenagers in high school consume alcohol, where they adopt alcohol from, if their parents support their drinking habits, if they drive afterward drinking and includes a written response from the teenagers somewhat the reasons behind why they drink. The conclusion do from the survey is that nigh children are likely to try alcohol or drink regularly while in high school. However, it is their parents who go through an overall effect on how much their children drink.These results show that more break down should be conducted on the overall effects and experiences ca utilise by modest drinking. INTRODUCTION As the yrs keep passed, pocket-size drinking has become a bigger and bigger problem. Nationwide there are an est imated 10. 8 million underage drinkers. forty percent of those 10. 8 million were caterd free alcohol by mortal 21 or older. Annually, 15 percent of the total alcohol consumed in the United States is consumed by people ages 12-21 (Other Laws) and 9. 4 percent obtain an alcohol detestation disorder (Nationwide).In upright one year, problems caused by underage drinking cost the citizens of the United States 60. 3 billion dollars (Enforcing). In 2007, specifically in Florida, underage drinking cost the state $4. 5 billion in medical bills and property upon (Floridas) and out of the 4,915 car accidents in Volusia County alone last year, 679 were caused by alcohol (FloridaCHARTS). Risking childrens health and futures, underage drinking is responsible for over 5,000 deaths annually throughout the United States.Alcohol is the most commonly used and abuse drug since it isnt very difficult to obtain. Fueling the fire of underage drinking is insufficiency of parental guidance (New) in a survey given by Nationwide insurance policy to 2,006 American hallholds over the phone, the results show that 57 percent believe that parents have the biggest impact on whether their children drink alcohol, 16 percent think it is okay for parents to supervise a companionship where there is alcohol organism consumed by bush league and 8 percent believe it is okay for adults to provide their children with alcohol (Statistics).Although there are programs and laws in action to reduce the occurrence of underage drinking, they arent be enforced or publicised like they should be. For example, in Tallahassee Florida, the Tallahassee Police discussion section has been cracking down on underage drinking at nearby universities such as Florida State, Florida A&M and Tallahassee Community College, along with anyone else under the age of 21 with a drink in their hand. These actions are also similar to the ones being taken in Deland Florida (Horton).The first time being caught drinking u nder the age of 21, the offender is charged with a indorsement-degree misdemeanor and may also be station into a diversion program by a judge, the second time the person will be charged with a first-degree misdemeanor, given remand time for up to a year and receive fines up to $1,000 (City). Although, in Tallahassee, a college town where some students drink or have been drinking since before college, Florida State University is considered the most raging party scene out of all the colleges in Florida according to CollegeProwler. om (Rankings) and even though law enforcement can just about reduce the amount of underage drinking, it will be more than a challenge to completely invest a stop to it. PLANNED OBSERVATION There are many rumors and expectations of what goes on at high school parties. So, upon invitation I attended a high school Halloween party (strictly for research) to observe and record the social surroundings before, during and after a person under the age of 21 par ticipates in underage drinking and to also see what different kinds of injuries, accidents, and other activities can occur when teenagers consume amounts of alcohol.Upon pulling into the driveway, there were 30-40 cars were set on the front lawn along with cars parked along the sides of the road. The girl and her mother, who were hosting the party, were in the front yard enjoin people where to park. In the backyard there were multiple groups of teenagers numbering about five of six to a group dressed in their costumes and most holding drinks in their hands. While walking around the backyard, I talked with a few of the partygoers. So what brought you here tonight? I asked one boy I approached.Sounding heavily stimulate he replied, Im here to have a good time and get f****d up while walking to the back porch of the house. To my left there were two girls competing to see who could do the most back handsprings in a row. The first girl completed five back handsprings. The second co mpleted seven, but upon landing her seventh flip she cut her foot open on a shattered glass bottle that was in the grass she was tumbling on. The main focus of this observation was having a conversation with the mother who was hosting the party.During the conversation I asked what motivated her to throw this party. To make my daughter happy. she utter. Honestly, my daughter has neer really been one of the popular girls in school. There has been times where she has come home crying because kids have picked on her When she asked me if she could throw a Halloween party I didnt say yes immediately, it definitely took some convincing but I figured it would make her happy and other children like her. The next question I asked her was how she planned on handling all the teens that planned on drinking and then leaving afterwards.She said, If anyone has had any amount of alcohol at my house they are non leaving. Upon entering my home I make everyone, whether they planned on drinking or not, give me his or her keys and no one will be allowed to leave unless they have a parent picking them up or if they have a designated driver. If they dont have either of those, theyre staying the night here. SURVEYING HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS A survey containing 13 questions was conducted to discover how often underage drinking occurs among the students at Deland High School.The survey also collects education about where teenagers get their alcohol from, how their parents feel about underage drinking, why they drink, and if theyve ever driven after drinking or ridden with someone who was under the influence of alcohol. A total of 75 surveys were given to students with ages ranging from xiii to seventeen in the Deland High School cafeteria. The first and second questions on the survey ask if theyre a boy or girl to see whether more males or females take part in underage drinking, forty-five boys and thirty girls were surveyed.The second question asks their age to see if as the stud ents get older if more of them participate in underage drinking. One 13 year old, five 14 year olds, thirty-two 15 year olds, twenty-six 16 year olds, and eleven 17 year olds were interviewed. The tercet question asked is eat you ever drunk any amount of alcohol before? Yes/No. Forty of the forty-five boys surveyed answered yes and 21 of the 30 girls answered yes as well. Although there were more boys than girl surveyed, it is overt that the amount of boys who drink exceeds the number of girls, meaning boys are more likely to participate in underage drinking than girls. Have you ever driven after drinking? Yes/No was the fourth question asked. Eleven boys answered yes, the remaining answered no. Fifteen girls answered yes, eleven answered no and the remaining four did not answer the question. The results from this question were surprising in both a good and bad way. Half of the girls admitted to driving after consuming some amount of alcohol. Whereas only a quarter of the boys su rveyed answered no, that they had never drove after drinking.Question number five was a marijuana cigarette question with the question before asking If not, have you ever ridden with someone after they had been drinking? twenty-six boys answered yes, the remaining nineteen answered no and twenty-two of the thirty-answered yes. These results show that even if some teens werent operating a vehicle after consuming alcohol, they were in a vehicle with someone who was under the influence of alcohol that could have led to a car accident involving not only themselves, but also one or more drivers on the road at that time.The sixth question asked was Where do you drink most often? (Choose all the apply) the students put and X or a check mark next to parties, a friends house or at home. Between boys and girls, a total of forty-eight said they have drank at parties, thirty-four say they have drank at a friends house and thirty have drank in their own home. Where do you usually get your alco hol? was the next question. The students put an X or a check mark next to friends, family, store, fake I. D. and/or stranger and chose all that applied.The results of this question show that forty-three students get their alcohol from a friend, twenty-four receive alcohol from one or more of their family members, twenty-seven barter for alcohol from a store that sells to underage persons, two use a fake I. D. to purchase alcohol and ten have a complete stranger pervert alcohol for them. This questions purpose is to show how easy it is for a person under the age of 21 to buy or receive alcohol and how common it is for someone 21 or over to provide minors with alcohol.Question eight asks, Do your parents allow you to drink? Yes/No twenty-one of the thirty girls and thirty-four of the forty-five boys surveyed answered no that their parents do not allow them to drink. After comparing these results with the results from the third question asked on the survey, its obvious that most par ents are unaware of their childrens society in underage drinking and any other participation in dangerous activity such as driving under the influence, unprotected sex, and so on ifty-seven of the seventy-five students surveyed admitted to having one or more drinks of alcohol in their life, however, fifty-five of those fifty-seven parents do not allow their children to drink but they do it anyway. Question number nine asks how many times have you drunk any amount of alcohol? the students answered on a scale of 0, 1-5, 5-10, 10-15 and too many to count. 28 students answered 1-5 times, eleven answered 5-10 times, four answered 10-15, twenty-four answered too many times to count, five answered 0 and three didnt put an answer at all.Continuing from the previous question, number ten asks, Out of those times, how many times have you been drunk? . Twenty-three students answered every time, six answered 6-10 times, nineteen answered 1-5 times and twenty-two answered that they had never been drunk after consuming alcohol. Question 11 asks Have your parents ever provided you with pane after a night of drinking? twenty-one answered yes while the remaining fifty-one answered no and three did not put an answer. The results from this question provide valuable information about the role parents play in a childs participation and opinion on underage drinking.The next question asked Do you think underage drinking is a intemperate problem in todays society? forty-five students answered yes, they do think it is a problem. The remaining thirty answered no they dont think it is a severe problem. This question shows that even though more than half of the students surveyed believe underage drinking is a problem, 84 percent still drink. The last question was a written response which asked the students Why do you drink? twenty-seven answered, to have fun, eight said, peer pressure or to fit in, five said depression, and five answered, to get drunk.The remaining students didnt answer or answered that they dont drink. The overall discovery made by this survey is that most teenagers in high school are likely to drink based on their parents opinions on drinking, how easily and where they can access alcohol, and for social and aroused reasons as well. Although the survey shows that boys are more likely to drink than girls, the girls who do drink are more likely to drive after drinking which raises the chance of car accidents involving not only that person but one or more people in the cars surrounding them.Another surprising result of this survey was discovering where teens get their alcohol from, in a brief conversation with one of the people interviewed they said, Yeah, alcohol is definitely not as hard to get ahold of as it should be. There are a couple gas send in Deland that will practically sell (alcohol) to anyone theyd credibly even sell to an infant just as long as theyre making a buck. After asking another student where someone would get alcohol if there werent gas stations that sold to minors, they said They would probably get it from someone who is 21 or older, like family or friends.I know people who pay haphazard people in parking lots to go buy alcohol for them. Upon request, the names of these students will not be revealed however, the information from these quotes verifies that teens have no trouble accessing alcohol which helps prevent their parents from finding out. RESULTS This project was conducted to research how common drinking is among high school students, what scenarios influence children to take part in underage drinking, and what actions are being taken to help put a stop to underage drinking.Nationwide, approximately 5,000 people under the age of 21 die every year from alcohol related causes (Underage Drinking). Problems resulting from underage drinking are various fatalities, unwanted or unprotected sex, and disruption of brain development, lack of participation in school, legal problems and numerous physical injuries. Organizations such as the NIAAA and SAMHSA provide help, guidance and information to those who campaign with alcohol abuse and other drug problems. Programs started by these organizations help cure and reduce substance abuse and mental illness all over America.Conclusions from this survey show that many parents are unaware of their childrens participation in underage drinking, although some parents agree with the statement that they would rather have their children drink in their home where they can be supervised rather than in a random place where there is little to no supervision. These parents are the ones who support their childrens drinking habits by buying them alcohol, providing transportation and hosting parties where people from the ages of 12 to 21 engage in underage drinking.A survey given to the students at Deland High School shows that most students participate in underage drinking, however, a large percentage of the students who drink also agree tha t underage drinking is one of the biggest problems in society today. The survey also provides information about where or who supplies them with alcohol and how easy it is for them to obtain. The planned observation portion of this project brings to light the support of underage drinking provided by parents and also the dangerous events that can lead to injuries and even death while a minor is under the influence of alcohol.Overall, what was learned from this research is that underage drinking is a growing problem in todays society. It is the cause for thousands of deaths not only in Volusia County or the state of Florida, but also throughout the United States. This research displays how often underage drinking occurs in just one city, not including the rest of Florida and what actions can be taken to reduce and possibly even abolish underage drinking altogether. WORKS CITED Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws. CSPI Alcohol Policy. sack up. 10 Oct. 012 FloridaCHARTS. com-Florida Healt h Statistics and Community Health Data. Florida Department of Health. Web. 10 Oct. 2012 Official Website Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles. Web. 10. Oct. 2012 New Nationwide Report Estimates That 40 Percent of Underage Drinkers Received Free Alcohol From Adults Over 21. SAMHSA. 28. June. 2008. Web. 10 Oct. 2012 Floridas Enforcement of Underage Drinking. Moses & Rooth, Attorneys at Law. N. p. , n. d. Web. 23 Oct. 2012. Other Laws. Laws RegardingDrugs, Alcohol and Driving. Web. 10 Oct. 2012 Underage Drinking & the Law. Underage Drinking & the Law. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 Oct. City Cracks down on Underage Drinking. The Famuan. N. p. , n. d. Web. 24 Oct. 2012. College Rankings Most Raging Party Scene in Florida. College Prowler. N. p. , n. d. Web Horton, Jen. DeLand Cracks down on Underage Drinking The West Volusia Beacon. Deland Cracks down on Underage Drinking The West Volusia Beacon. The West Volusia Beacon, 15 July 2009. Web. 07 Nov. 2012.

The Nacirema

In review of the article Body Ritual Among the Nacirema by Horace Miner, this was a very sarcastic piece on how Native Americans had a very ritualistic approach towards many religious ceremonies and how they interacted with from each one other at these ceremonies. Horace Miner brought up very appalling view points about the native Americans. The charge he worded his synopsis of his studies was very dark and oppressive. Almost making the unlikeers to him seem animalistic.When in real vivification they were doing things such as going to the doctor and getting their teeth cleaned but since he did not get laid the tools they were using it was foreign to him. This makes me wonder what I actually see in other cultures to be foreign or domestic. I may go to another country in a remote address and see very odd things and maybe be shocked but to those people it is the proven intelligence to survival for them. Also in the satirical aspect of this paper it makes me think of how we shoul d verbalism at people. subsequently reading through the article it seemed that the anthropologist went into this looking for something out of the ordinary. In studying each person seems to look and key on the interesting facts, but if you look to hard and over exaggerate it seems to imbelish what was actually happening. So actually it seems that even though this article was satirical in its purpose it over eggagerated the tools and purposes of medicine practices and so and made people appear to be something that they actually were not.

Fractional Distillation Essay

AbstractAn equimolar mixture of cyclohexane and toluene was illogical by unproblematic and computeal distillation, using an empty towboat and a grunter loaf column respectively. Using helium as the mobile phase, the distillate was analyzed through gas chromatography. The calculated HETP for the simple distillation was 8.274 cm/plate and the 3.332 cm/plate for the divisional distillation.Experimental ProcedureA copper packed fractional-distillation column was obtained and an apparatus was assembled for fractional distillation. Four clean, dry fraction collectors were obtained and labeled HETP, fraction 1, fraction 2, and fraction 3 respectively. A majority of 40.0 mL of an equimolar mixture of cyclohexane and toluene was added to a 100.0-mL round fuck flask attached to the end of the distillation column. Heating chips were added to the round bottom flask in enjoin to speed up the heating process. The 100.0-mL round bottom flask, along with the distillation column was atta ched to a ring stand over a heat source. The mixture was delicately heated to a boil. The original five drops were collected in the vial labeled HETP. The liquid for vial 1 began collecting when the temperature was 60 C and continued until it was 85 C. Vial 2 began collecting when the temperature was 86C and continued until it was 99 C. Vial 3 was collected at room temperature once the remaining liquid cooled. A volume of 1 micro-liter of each fraction, including the HEPT was added to the gas chromatography apparatus separately in order for each fraction to be analyzed. For simple distillation, the same procedure was followed using an empty, clean, and dry column.DataTable 1 Simple distillment ValuesVariablesHETPFraction 1Fraction 2Pot ResidueTemp range, C-60-8586-100-Empty Vials & cap, g5.45316.84216.48216.842Vial & contents, g5.57828.32330.21123.311Mass of fraction, g0.12511.48113.7296.469Area GC peak for Cy93.9461.2430.430 congener citizenry Cy, g104.2767.97633.7770% hole Cy9 3.3692.6349.550Actual hoi polloi Cy, g0.116710.6356.8030Actual moles Cy0.001390.126.08080Area GC peak Tol6.684.8730.9874.33Relative mass Tol, g7.0145.113532.52978.047% mass Toluene6.647.3750.45100Actual mass Tol, g0.008384.6156.9266.469Actual moles Tol0.000090.91770.07510.0702Table 2 Fractional Distillation Values (Copper wipe Column) VariablesHETPFraction 1Fraction 2Pot ResidueTemp range, C67-7071-8586-100-Empty Vials & cap, g5.30416.52815.73616.031Vial & contents, g5.41227.14725.26026.200Mass of fraction, g0.10810.6199.52410.169Area GC peak for Cy49.4378.2240.000Relative mass Cy, g54.86786.82444.40% mass Cy99.588.7663.560Actual mass Cy, g0.10759.4256.0530Actual moles Cy0.00130.1120.06570Area GC peak Tol0.19.9022.9457.86Relative mass Tol, g0.10510.39524.08760.753% mass Toluene0.511.2436.44100Actual mass Tol, g0.00051.1943.47110.169Actual moles Tol0.0000050.01290.03760.1103DiscussionThe Northern Pines Chemical Company specializes in manufacturing chemicals from wood products such as turpentine. To obtain pure -pinene, it must be separated, using fractional distillation, from the other major broker turpentine, -pinene. This company would like to switch to a cheaper and longer-lasting boxing material. The objective of this experiment was to separate an equimolar mixture of cyclohexane and toluene by simple and fractional distillation, using an empty column and a copper sponge column respectively. The distillate was analyzed through gas chromatography, using helium as the mobile phase. Helium is a good mobile phase because it acts as an unreactive carrier-gas that pushes the samples through the chromatogram. This information was used to determine which packing material is most effective by comparing HETP values which based on the number of suppositious plates each material provides. Using the copper sponge as packing material in the fractional distillation column provided a very effective separation of cyclohexane and toluene.The calculated HETP for simple d istillation was 8.274 cm/plate and 3.332 cm/plate for fractional distillation. The fractional distillation was more effective because it had a demoralise HETP value which means that it has a higher number of theoretical plates for the same column length as the simple distillation. When comparing the purity of the major cyclohexane-rich fraction with the starting mixture (the equimolar mixture of cyclohexane and toluene) of each distillation the packing material improved efficiency by more than six percent. One way to cure cyclohexane with even greater purity would be to heat the starting mixture slowly and steadily kind of of rapidly, allowing better separation of the components.Another way to improve purity is to make sure the column is justly packed (not too tight) and insulated. Different packing materials will have diverse efficiency for distillation and and so yield different HETP values. The most efficient packing material used was rascing rings, which provided an HETP of 2.67 cm/plate. The copper sponge material had an HETP value of 3.3 cm/plate, followed by glass beads and coiled copper with 7.5cm/plate and galvanized stain with 12.5 cm/plate. Packing the Northern Pines Chemical Companys 3ft fractionating column with rascing rings would provide 34.2 plates, which meets the stripped requirement for separating - and -pinene.Exercises1) HETP=height/platesPorcelain saddles 5 cm= (15 cm )/(x )=3 platesGlass Tube 15 cm= (15 cm )/x=1 plateVigreux Column 8 cm= (24 cm)/x=3 plates gibe plates= 3+3+1-1(boiling flask) = 6 plates2) The HETP value and efficiency of separation can be affected by experimental errors. A) If the HETP sample was collected midway through the distillation, the mole fraction of cyclohexanetoluene would be overmuch lower, which would in turn yield a higher HETP value. B) If all of the liquid distilled within 5 proceedings of heating, a higher HETP value would be found again because all of the toluene would be distilled as well. This also means poor separation. C) If two packed columns were stacked over the boiling flask or else of one, the HETP value remain the same if the columns were identical because the height and number of plates would be the same.

Factors Affecting Essay

In this assign manpowert is an explanation of constituenttic, biological, purlieual and socio-economic and flavorstyle that effect the evolution of an several(prenominal). Also using the case study of Emily there is explanation on 2 predict adapted and 2 unpredictable life sentence events that could be make a motioning her now and the in the future. I all(prenominal)ow for then be discussing the 2 sides to the temper nurture deliberate, and then I get off behind be evaluating how nature and nurture rich person modify the accomplishment of Albert and Alan as electric razorren and as adults.INTRODUCTIONGrowth and fetchment be different from unmatchable a nonher, growth means increase in size or a mass of tissue and tutoring involves the changes in rough ability as well as near measured quantity of height, angle. both(prenominal) of the activated, societal and understanding changes in a lifespan could be described in terms of l reaching. pus is different from growth and excogitatement it is utilise when knowledge is assumed to be genetically programmed sequences of change. Some of the facts that refer growth and organic evolution of a kidskin argon Children inherit some characteristic from p atomic number 18nts i.e. p argonnts who shake up knowledge are more than(prenominal) than managely to pass with higher level intelligence. Daughters a jackpot reach menarche at just round the same age as mother and bequeath contrive a similar length of the catamenial cycle as their mother. Boys are generally longer and heavier than girls when innate(p), Genetic disorders aft(prenominal) discussion section regard both child growth and development.LIFE FACTORS THAT AFFECT DEVELOPMENTDevelopment and growth are mainly dependent on m both(prenominal) factors, which some pass on affect children and case-by-cases more than others. Some of the factors do-nothing withstand a dictatorial or negative eat-to doe with on de velopment and growth of singlesin society. The factors that affect the development of an individual in societyBIOLOGICAL foetal alcoholic beverage syndrome infections during maternalism genetical Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, arthritic disorder, brittle b iodin disease.SOCIO-ECONOMIC in eliminate, employment and educationENVIRONMENT contaminant family dysfunction cultureLIFESTYLE provender and fastary prime(prenominal)s, victimize of hearts. All of which affect an individuals personal, intellectual, emotional and social aspects of development and growth.GENETIC FACTORSThe human body has a nucleus with 23 pairs of chromosomes inside it one chromosome comes from the mother and another from the father. for each one chromosome carriers units of inheritance known has genes it these genes that create the instructions for making a new individual. Genetic diseases are a large proportion of the total diseases that individuals view got to burden, almost 50% of deafness is repayable to genetics and nigh 40-50% of miscarriages are connected to genetic factors.RHEUMATIC DISEASEIndividuals are more at risk of ontogeny rheumatoid arthritis if they commit relatives with the disease, notwithstanding in some cases individuals wad develop the origin without whatever one in the family having the condition. Rheumatic disease is a disorder that affects the inflammation of the joints and ligaments, finger cymbals and the muscles. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with rheumatic disease the pay back is not fully understood that the environment and genetic in grippeences go a major(ip) dowery in the condition. It is an super painful condition for individuals who bring with it it gains swelling, damage to the cartilages and bones, joints. It mainly affects the littler bones individuals feet, hands and wrists, the autoimmune process that contributes to the distress on the joints piece of ass to a fault affect the kernels, lungs and skin, heart an d pipeline vessels plus some other legal injuryoniums. It lavatory affect the tangible development of an individual who suffers with the disease, it brook plant their daylight to day somatogenic movement due to the amount of pain they testament experience individuals who present curtailed activities are more potential to suffer with belief as well.An adult could struggle to limit a job downdue to the quantify there would substantiate to miss employment. Rheumatoid arthritis dismiss affect a childs intellectual development due to the amount of date they lead be absent from condition due to the pain or hospital appointments. It bequeath limit the time that they can use computers or game consoles due to the stiffness in their hands and wrists and encounter in truth suffering academic attend toance due to a flare up of the condition. Emotional development of an individual with the condition may be modify they may feel different from other individuals and chil dren could be make to feel excluded be stir of the condition.Some could become depressed as they believe the disease is pickings over their life completely and feel that they cannot cope anymore. Rheumatoid arthritis could also affect individuals social life as a flare up could birth them to miss out on certain social events with friends or subject colleagues and the fact that they could pay existence admitted to hospital. At the moment there is no cure for condition but there is a number of treatments that could subdued the condition down and check joint damage to minimum, the foregoing the treatment is started the more effective it could be for the individual. The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not completely understood but it is believed that genetic and the environmental issues diverge the condition.CYSTIC FIBROSISCystic fibrosis is generally caused by genetic disorder, it is caused by a defective gene it is thought that about 4% of the population carry this gene in t he UK alone. Has the gene is recessive children born to parents who carry the gene leave not develop cystic fibrosis unless both parents are carriers. If both parents cede the defective gene than there is a chance that they child pull up stakes be born with the condition. Cystic fibrosis is a disorder that results in the production of a defective protein that can cause a buildup of sticky mucus forming in the lungs and digestive system of individuals. Other symptoms are a hard cough, repeated chest infections and pitiful weight gain these are not unique to individuals who suffer with cystic fibrosis. It is a complex disease that affects some(prenominal) different organs in the body. Its quite an communal for individuals to experience some issues with lung function although not every sufferer will be stirred.With physiotherapy and some medication can foster to control lung infections and prevent the buildup of mucus that damages the lungs. in any eventaffecting the lungs it can affect the pancreas due to the buildup of thick sticky mucus that blocks the ducts, which can reduce the amount of insulin that is produced and stopping the digestive enzymes getting to the intestines to aid digestion. This can fill to poor mal bread and butter, poor growth and some physical helplessness and clasped puberty. Babies born with cystic fibrosis develop a bowel obstruction called meconium ileus that is present at birth or within the first off few days, its a thick b drop bodily present in the bowel and its so thick that it blocks the bowel. Some individuals are prone to develop bone disease due to lack of nutrition, it can cause fertility problems but does not cause sexual impotency.Men with cystic fibrosis the tubes that carry the sperm are sometimes blocked causing infertility, cystic fibrosis in women can affect fertility due to beingness underweight and having irregular menstrual cycles and a thicker vaginal mucus. It can cause some blockage of the small d ucts in the liver which can gratuity to liver disease although this only affects 8% of individuals it is a serious health risk that could require a liver transplant. Social development of a child with cystic fibrosis they will find it hard to act with other children due to a long period of absence from enlightentime, and in any other setting. The emotional development of a child with the condition is that they capacity become emotional distressed, suffer with mild depression and feel embarrassed because of the cause.Physical development of a child with cystic fibrosis is they are capable of taking part in physical activity such as play and some regular exercise, but with a persistent cough and hassle in breathing they could become tired quickly involve to rest more. Some childrens up-to-date health status efficiency not allow them to contemplate part in any activities, when they do will regard to take frequent breaks to cough and have a drink. The intellectual develop ment of a child with cystic fibrosis is due to a long absence from enlighten extra help will be needed for them to meet up and some children might have special educational needs, but most of them are academically able to succeed like their peers. All sufferers with the condition should receive appropriate health care to enable them to live longer and healthier lives.BIOLOGICAL FACTORSBiological influences before birth have a dramatic influence on the development of a child, factors that could affect the development are if themother smokes, takes drugs or drinks a large amount of alcohol. peerless factor is if the mother drinks heavily during her pregnancy this will have a negative effect on the development of the baby and could cause foetal alcohol syndrome.FOETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROMEFoetal alcohol syndrome is more severe of the birth defects that are known as foetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Foetal alcohol set up is known as alcohol related birth defects which is the milder end of the condition, some of the conditions that are related is alcohol related neuro- alcohol during pregnancy. Foetal alcohol syndrome disorder is caused through pregnant women drinking alcohol during their pregnancy. alcohol can affect the development of the fetus at any stage during the pregnancy including the earliest stages of pregnancy the effects of alcohol during pregnancy may include physical deformity, some behavioral issues, damage to the important nervous system. According to National Organization on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (2001-2004), FASD is the leading known preventable cause of mental retardation and birth defects, and a leading known cause of learning disabilities. http//www.nofas-uk.org/. Accessed 23/6/14.Drinking during pregnancy is damaging for the unborn child and cause major social, emotional effects for the childs life which cannot be out grown or treated. Alcohol during pregnancy can cause brain damage which can lead to a range of developmental, cognitive iss ues that will come forward at any time during childhood. Individuals who have FASD quite often of issues with coordination, emotional control, condition hunt down and acculturation and struggle to hold a job. Often make the ill-timed decisions, trust the wrong wad and difficulty understanding any consequences of their own actions. Babies born with FAS are normally a low birth weight are unable to suck effectively, some will be over sensitive to light any noise or touch will become irritable soft and are very slow to develop through the different stages of infancy. They are very vulnerable to other infections and have poor quiescency cycles or waking cycles some will be too stiff or floppy when being held.The physical features of babies born with FAS are their faces will be flattened have a small disturbed nose may have flattened philtrum and some have a thin upper lip. The physical development of a child with FAS are, will have problems with weight and height will tend to sm aller than childrenof an similarly age, will have a weak immune system leading them to prone to catch infections easily. Depending on the damage there could have a heart defect which cause them to take part in any manakin of physical activity. Intellectual development of a child with FAS is there could have lower IQ or in some cases it could be higher than normal. Some children will have a degree of language disability or delayed language development will often have problems with communicating whether their development is delayed.Have Issues Memory which can lead to their educational obtainments being extremely limited and are more potential to be in trouble during their education. willing develop poor relationships during their childhood and adulthood, will constantly be in trouble with the law due to mixing with wrong crowd. Could have immature behaviour due to the lack of social skills and because of the lack of control over their behaviour can affect any mixture of social c onnect. All of which will affect their social development. Children can be very affectionate when around others but at more or less at the time be very hyperactive which can cause problems for teachers or other individuals in any berth. Due to them being hyperactivity their will need any gracious of special attention from individuals during their lifespan.TOXOPLASMOSISToxoplasmosis is infection that is caused by a common parazoan known as Toxoplasma gondii, which is found in different warm daub animals such as sheep, dogs and humans which can be infected with tiny single cell of parasite. The parasite can only be passed on through the environment or food chain or if pregnant women infect her unborn child. It is very rarely that it is passed from human to human through any organ transplantation. In some cases toxoplasmosis doesnt show any systems and an individual could be unaware that they are infected. In most healthy individuals the immune system is normally strong enough to p revent the parasite to cause serious illness. Individuals who have being affected with toxoplasmosis are most likely to be immune to advertise infections in their lifespan. So if a woman who has being previously infected becomes pregnant there should be no risk to the baby, a declination test would be needed to find out to turn around is she immune.Toxoplasmosis can cause lymph nodes to swell particularly in the throat and armpits, which can be like flu systems such as high temperature, musclesaching, extreme tiredness and sore throat. During pregnancy the risk of developing toxoplasmosis is very low, a 2008 study showed that in non-immune women (those who havent had the infection before), about 5 in 1,000 may get a toxoplasmosis infection. http//www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Toxoplasmosis.(accessed 24/6/14). If a women does develop toxoplasmosis when she is pregnant or shortly after conceiving the risk is that she will pass it on to the baby, however if it is passed from mother to baby it is known as born(p) toxoplasmosis. The risk of passing it on is greater in the third trimester with 70% of babies becoming infected, but in the early stages of pregnancy only about 15% of babies will become infected. Although the woman might not experience any systems herself, an infection that develops during the early stages can increase the likely hood of miscarriage during the first 23 weeks, it can also cause a s coin bankbirth later on in the pregnancy.Babies born with congenital toxoplasmosis the systems vary depending when the mother became infected some systems are more severe if she was infected around time she became infected or during the first or second trimester. The baby could have hydrocephalus wet on the brain, brain damage, epilepsy which is a condition that affects the brain and causes repeated seizures, some deafness growth problems and marrow infections or reduced vision. They could also have yellowing of the skin known as jaundice and the white of the eyes , an increase liver or spleen and cerebral palsy that affects the brain or nervous system condition that affects the movement or co-ordination of a child.In some cases if the mother is infected during the last trimester and the infection is passed on the baby may not have any symptoms at birth, but complications could develop later on in life with the child developing reduced vision or some hearing blemish even some learning difficulties. New research is looking at other ways of analyse toxoplasmosis for example, by identifying the DNA of the T. gondii parasite in samples of cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord). Its hoped that this may be a quicker and more reliable method of diagnosis, and will help corroborate whether the damage to the brain has been caused by toxoplasmosis rather than by another condition. http//www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Toxoplasmosis/ (accessed 24/6/14).SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORSSocio-economic factors that influence the developm ent and growth of individuals in society, are income and expenditure the economic re tooth roots that a family has can make a major difference to the look of life an individual has.INCOMEIncome can affect the development and growth of individual in society and can have a major difference in their quality of life. Income is the amount of notes that the syndicatehold receives weekly or monthly, it enables them to pay for their accommodation, buy food and clothes for the family. The main sources of income mainly come from wages for employment, benefits paid by the government or money that is raised from a sale of a property. Individuals who receive a low income may experience poverty and are the ones most likely to suffer with ill health and have opportunities restricted. A lack of income could mean to individuals that there will have a lack of resources and not being able to live in acceptable way in society. For some individuals it means that they are livelihood absolute poverty. Many will find it hard to take part in the community which could lead to social exclusion. Most children that are born to families who experience some kind poverty may find it hard to escape and become trapped in the same situation has they develop into adulthood. A child living in a low income home will have low self-confidence and low self-esteem some will experience a poor diet due to the lack of funds to buy nutritional food. Will live in poor lodgment conditions and are more likely to sufferer with related health issues, caused through damp or mould. Will have parents who are extremely stressed over money issues have little chance of having the latest hi tech phones, computers games and expensive clothes. Will have limited access to books to help them with school work and because of the low income might not be able to do homework due to the family home being overcrowded so no place for them to study.http//www.poverty.org.uk/02/index.shtml?2The graph shows the amount of indivi duals across the country who are living in low income households.EDUCATIONEducation factors that influence the development and growth of individuals insociety, is that individuals with little qualifications are more likely to be unemployed or in low paid work than others at the same age who have qualifications. Families have a major impact on childrens learning and educational development, a childs academic progress and level of engagement at school could be affected by certain environments, the parents attitude towards education and how much involvement the parent has with childs education i.e. helping with school work, volunteering in school and involvement in any school activities. The families ability to provide the appropriate learning environment at home could be limited due to lack of financial situation, the parent having attained low grades or mental health issues.Negative impact on education is that individuals will be put under pressure to leave school and earn money to e ase the situation within the family. Schools in the neighbourhood could be disadvantaged from other schools they might lack valuable resources in the learning environment and have restricted space for children to play and the school could have a limited access to new technology and updated information. Peer groups can influence individuals during their education, attitudes and beliefs could be copied from who we mix with or at least from people we believe are the same as ourselves. Besides the family peer groups are seen as second source of social learning. Attitudes and values are influenced by the experiences people have had and the culture that they are exposed to will influence their educational experience.ENVIRONMENT FACTORSEnvironment factors that influence the development and growth of individuals in society, the environment that where individuals are brought up in or live in and the amount of pollution in the area.POLLUTIONPollution can influence the development and a source of ill health among every individual in society, decades ago with a lack of sanitation and poor sewage across the country resulted in many life threatening diseases such as cholera. epidemic cholera is a bacterial infection caused by drinking contaminated water or food that has been in contact with contaminated water. Not all individuals who get infected will develop symptoms but those who do will experience severe diarrhea, a olfactory sensation of being sick and stomach cramps, which usually develop in a few days after infection. If left untreated anindividual can quickly become dehydrated and could go into shock due to a sudden drop in their blood pressure and in some cases could be fatal. The condition is mostly common now in the regions of the knowledge domain that as poor satiation with no cases reported in England for years travelers who go abroad occasionally bring the infection back with them, from countries like Asia, Africa and the Middle East. The World Health Organ ization estimates that there are between 3 and 5 million cases of cholera worldwide every year. www.who.org.uk. (Accessed 23/6/14).Until quite recently before lead was removed from petrol or paint the concern was that lead pollution in the air could affect the brain development of a child, they are still issues today about air and water pollution. Lead is a naturally devolvering basic element and a metal, lead pollution occurs because of the lead thats in the atmosphere that effects the environment. Lead pollution primarily came from cars in the past tense and in the past the dangers were unknown.Lead poisoning could cause birth defects in unborn children and could kill a person if enough was in the body and some deposits of lead in soil can harm both humans and animals by absorbing into the Lead in the body cam damage internal organs individuals also can have damage to brain and the nervous system it can also cause reproductive disorders or osteoporosis and in some cases can be f atal. With pollution still being affected now individuals in the cities are still at risk of developing lung diseases, it can affect a childs physical development and cause respiratory problems in all individuals, and babies and children growth can be restricted and in some cases cause asthma. An individuals physical and intellectual development could be restricted due to the pollution being so high, with being unable access social activities or attend education facilities due to ill health.HOUSINGPoor housing conditions can delay development and growth in individuals in society and cause poor health conditions. Poor quality housing with damp and mould can increase the risk of individuals developing inflammatory diseases and asthma. Other problems such as poor lightening, lack of facilities over crowded areas and the pollution from traffic or industrial sites. The previous(a) generation on low income will worry over the cost of heating bills and are more likely to leave the heating off during snaps of cold weather. Childrenin poor housing conditions are more likely to have increased risk of ill health and some disabilities through to early adulthood. regretful housing conditions are linked to debilitating and even fatal illnesses and accidents. Children in overcrowded conditions are more likely to suffer with meningitis it is life threatening and leave long term effects as deafness, blindness and in some cases behavioral problems.Another illness that is linked to overcrowding is tuberculosis and it can lead to serious medical examination issues and some cases can be fatal. Their physical development will be affected due to the tough conditions and are more likely to have respiratory problems such as coughing, wheezing and asthmatic. This will restrict their physical activities as they need to stop taking part because of medical conditions. For many children with the conditions mean they will lose sleep and miss school regularly.The intellectually developme nt and growth of individuals especially children could be affected by overcrowding in a property, by having disturbed sleep from the noise either in the house or surrounding area, which could lead to them having little concentration in school. Social development could be affected due to high risk crime rate in the neighbourhood, individuals will be scared to leave their properties in case their attacked or broken into. With little social connect and communication people will be isolated and feel that they are not part of a community that they live in. which could lead to their emotional developmental being affected by becoming depressed, and unapproachable by other individuals in community.LIFESTYLE FACTORSLifestyle factors that can have influence on the development and growth of an individual in society, is how an individual spends their time and money to create a better living. Some life style choices will be influenced by their culture and individuals in their life. Many indivi duals develop habits that are connected to diet, exercise or alcohol whilst some will never choose a lifestyle but just seem to fall into one.SUBSTANCE MISUSESubstance is either illicit or prescribed drugs, alcohol or solvents misuse is the consumption of the malls which could be for dependent use or associated to having harmful effect on any individual in society. The department of health states that men should only have 4 units of alcohol aday and women should have no more than 3 units. It is well documented that the younger generation of men and women lifestyle involves more than the recommended units with them drinking heavily on a daily basis. A national reported express that men and women had stated that they had taken illicit drugs, roughly one out of three young men and one in five young women stated that they had used cannabis. All kinds of substance misuse is harmfully and can cause a number of health risks, the use of drugs, alcohol and solvents can cause individuals t o have accident, unsociable behaviour crime and health issues including poisoning, or overdose.The use of more potential harmful drugs can cause individuals to have higher risks with their health and greater social risks in the community. Physical dependency is when the substance is used in order to feel good, or avoid feeling bad, this is done to avoid any physical discomfort and when it is used to avoid anxiety or mental stress it is known as psychological dependence. It is stated that children whose parents are misusing substances are at a increased risk of neglect, emotional and physical and sexual abuse either by the parent or because the child is vulnerable to others who misuse. Childrens physical emotional, intellectual and social developmental needs can be serious affected their parents misuse of substances.The physical harm could be if children have access to drug paraphernalia within the home, substance misuse in pregnancy can result in chemical dependency when born. Paren ts are pose children at risk by neglecting their needs concerning factors are children receiving inadequate supervision health appointments being used or advice not being sought. Childrens education disrupted and poor attendance at school due to them not care regularly, because the parent is high on a substance. Children having no clear boundaries in the family home with the child sometimes assuming the role of the parent. They emotional and social needs will also be neglected as the parent will ignore them and not show them any kind affection. The only social development they will have is around other individuals who use substances in they life. sure AND UNPREDICTABLE EVENTSPredictable and unpredictable life events are influenced by a number of life factors and individuals are also influenced by the different events that happen. A number of changes in an individuals life can be predicted whilstmany others are unpredicted. An unpredictable event that could be affecting Emily now is moving to a new school after the recent divorce of her parents, she is finding the transition very difficult to cope with Physically she is finding it hard to adjust to the new surroundings of the school, since the move she has started suffering with panic attacks and eating less at meals times leaving her feeling weak and exhausted and unable to function in simply tasks. intellectually since she missed quite a few weeks of schooling she has fallen behind the rest of the section adding to the stress. Her class work is starting to suffer in some areas and she is finding it hard to concentrate because of all of the upthrust and sadness leading to her working at a slower rate from the rest of the class.Although she has these issues she is using up time practicing on her sing and playing guitar by spending as much time as likely on her own. Emotionally Emily is becoming moody and violent very quickly with her mother as she blames her not having her father around anymore and she i s becoming jealous of her twin brothers. As she believes that they are taking all the attention of her mother away from her. She feels that no one understands how she feels and this is affecting her confidence and feels unloved. She unhappy about the current situation she finds herself in and as started to be disruptive at home. Socially Emily is finding it difficult intercommunicate new friendships at school or near her home, she is becoming very isolated from her family by spending time in her room. She is wants to be with the friends she had at her previous school and home, and finding it hard to stay in touch with them.As a result of not forming new friendships easily it has knocked her confidence further and refusing to attend school or any other social situation. A predictable life event that could affect Emily in the future is leaving home, which could influence her development in adulthood. The physical development which will have a major impact on her as individual will be that she will have a change in her diet due to lack of cooking experience, learning to cook and have food that is high in nutrition will be positive experience and could influence her development in adulthood by trying other new experiences. Her intellectual development will be influenced through her having to take control of her own finances, paying all the bills and learning how to much her money till next pay day. Her emotional development could be influenced by her becoming more independentand feeling that she as achieved something in her life. The negative side to emotional development is that she will feel she has bewildered the control of her family and become lonely.Developing new relationships will influences her social development as individual in society, and attending a community social group will boost her social contact and allow her to achieve her own independence as individual and have control over her environment. Another unpredictable life event could be the dea th of her grandmother that will affect her emotional wellbeing and social wellbeing. Emily will need to learn to cope with her expiry of the person she thought the world off she will have to come to terms that she will never see the person again and never be able to talk to her again. Her physical development will be affected as she will not have the energy to get up and do any physical activity during her grief. She will feel angry and unable to eat so will have less energy to do daily tasks, she will be weak and exhausted due to the lack of sleep and finding it hard to cope because of the wrong with her practical help with her living activities.Her emotional development will be affected because she as lost the person who provided her with the emotional support she needed and that she was emotionally attached to. She will be struggling to keep her emotions under control and will become angrier at grandmother for leaving to cope on her own. Her intellectual development will be aff ected because she will be too tired to attend work or if still studying to attend any of her lessons due to lack of concentration and confidence due to her grandmother no longer reassuring her that she can achieve anything that she tries. Emilys social development will be affected because of the lack of support in leisure and social activities since her grandmother supported her during these Emily would easily give them up and become isolated for the time been.Another predictable life event that could affect Emily in the future is marriage, she will need to learn how to look after someone else and cope with the loss of her dependence in society. Her physical development could be changed due to the demands on her life she will need to learn to adjust her cooking ability, she might need to change her diet to more a nutrition and take apart in more physical exercise. Her intellectual development will change as she could lose control over her over her finances, she will need to learn ho w to share the bills and budget for things that are needed in the future. Emily will need tolearn to put money away for her retirement or for when they start a family.Emilys emotional needs will change as well she will need to safe in making emotional attachments and to feel safe in experiencing any kind of intimacy for the first time, by not being embarrassed about her body or looks. She will need to confident and trust the person she has elect to spend her life with. Emily social development will have changed now instead of doing things by herself she will have someone to share her personal experiences with. With having prolonged family her social life could be busy at times and more social connect will be demanded from them. the days that she felt isolated will no longer be present but occasionally she might wish for them days again.NATURE/NURTUREThe nature verse nurture debate argues that individuals in society are to be the way we are whilst others argue that it is about the w ay we are brought up and what influences us that makes the way we are. constitution is biological genetic influences nurture is social, economic and the environmental influences. Nature refers to the traits that individuals inherit or genetic, its well documented that most of the human aspects of development are driven at a time or indirectly by the persons genetic makeup. This is what determines eye, hair colour, skin type and some other characteristics that are derived directly from our genetic makeup. Heredity determines the physiological differences between females and males with many differences present at birth whilst over differences dont present themselves till a child reaches puberty. It causes girls to reach puberty earlier than boys and causes boys to have more muscles and be taller than girls in general.Heredity accounts for all gender differences in boys and girls, boys are more likely to be physically aggressive a gene that is linked to them having increased levels o f testosterone. Researchers have stated that hormones play a role in the differences in visual and verbal abilities among children. It states that boys are more likely to have higher visual abilities and girls will have higher verbal abilities. Nurture refers to all the environmental influences that occur after conception, meaning how individual is raised that drives their development. Including the level of attachment, their beliefs and values and how much attention is stipulation to the environmentalinfluences, i.e. some cultures practice and promote gender specific behaviour. The environment and specific cultures state that some behaviours are more appropriate for males whilst others are more appropriate for females. Environmental influences on gender differences involve parents treating their sons and daughters other than from each other, there are more likely to respond more daughters who have requested help whist their sons are encouraged to solve issues independently.Most pa rents encourage gender behaviour by offer specific toys such trucks and toy guns for boys, dolls and prams for girls. Example any musical comedy talent is affected by nature all musical skills are normally in heredity from parents. So parents who have a musical talent have children who have a musical talent too and have the same characteristics. point Presley was a very talented musician that sang and played the piano he was loved and prize by nearly everyone. He composed loads of songs that individuals still like to listen to today. He had a daughter named Lisa Marie who is famous in her own right, both had the same taste for music, but her father is more famous for his talent in rock and roll than she is.Her father might have influenced her a lot in this which involves nurture but the musical talent that she possesses comes from her father. Example drug addiction. In the case of Lisa Marie Presley the environment had a massive influence on her life, as she was known to be the daughter of Elvis, due to the mountain surrounding her upbringing and life style. The environment had an influence on her taking drugs due to her having a lack of privacy.ALBERT AND ALANThe strengths and weaknesses in the nature and nurture debate concerning Albert and Alan The strengths of Albert and Alan are they both have the same colour eye and hair, and both are extremely tall. Both had a caring nature and were successfully in their chosen careers. Both were successfully at school and enjoyed playing physical sport. Albert achieved the grades that he was predicted in subjects where Alan achieved higher grades and stayed on to achieve more. Albert had many friends and associates had lived his life to the full extent where, and socialized more frequently compared to Alan who only had friends in the school environment didnt socialize much outside the school environment.They different upbringings influenced them both in different ways Alan loved to have expensive things where as A lbertenjoyed the simple things in life. The weaknesses that the environment had on Albert and Alan are they both attend different types of schools, because of the environment influences Alan was able to attend university where as Albert had to leave school and work to help with supporting his family. The environment influenced them both to smoke during their life, but due to marriage Albert had given up and relatively good health until recently. Alan had continued to smoke all his life and his health suffered dramatically until his recent death. Both nature and nurture played a part in the influences of Albert and Alan life either in a good way or bad way.CONCLUSIONWith all the different aspects that can affect growth and development of individuals society, individuals need to be aware of the dangers that could affect them to develop during their lifespan. Even though nature and nurture play a vital role in the influences of individuals it is actually the individual who makes the ch oice of what route they take.BIBLIOGRAPHYhttp//www.cysticfibrosis.org.uk/about-cf/cystic-fibrosis-care/standards-of-care. http//www.nofas-uk.org/.www.who.org.ukhttp//www.poverty.org.uk/02/index.shtml?2http//www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Toxoplasmosis/http//education-portal.com/academy/lesson/gender-differences-the-nature-versus-nurture-http//www.patient.co.uk/health/Cystic-Fibrosis